In 1871, an Okinawan vessel shipwrecked on the southern tip of Taiwan, and the crew of fifty-four were beheaded by the Paiwan aborigines.
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Longkiauw is a name verbally translated from the Paiwanese language of the Paiwan people who lived in the area before the Han Chinese's colonization during 18th century, according to most historians it is probably the name of an ancient village located in the area which is nowadays called Hengchun but the origin of the name is still controversial.