Recently, Dr. Tougaw has developed a Quantum-dot Cellular Automata (QCA) device having normal QCA cells laid out in a planar structure, having a set of input lines and a set of orthogonal output lines.
A different wire-crossing technique, which makes fabrication of QCA devices more practical, was presented by Christopher Graunke, David Wheeler, Douglas Tougaw, and Jeffrey D. Will, in their paper “Implementation of a crossbar network using quantum-dot cellular automata”.
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