Murray spent several years travelling across Europe and America from 1835 and 1838, including several months with a Pawnee tribe in 1835.
In 1906, he was in America to study the music and psychology of the Pawnee people, native Americans in the state of Oklahoma; he had by that time already studied the native music of Tunisia and of South Sea Islanders.
George E. Hyde (1882–1968) was the "Dean of American Indian Historians." He wrote many books about Indian tribes, especially the Sioux and Pawnee plus a life of the Cheyenne warrior and historian, George Bent.
The sacrifice was related to the belief that the first human being was a girl, born of the mating of the Morning Star, the male figure of light, and Evening Star, a female figure of darkness, in their creation story.
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When the morning star rose ringed with red, the priest knew it was the signal for the sacrifice.
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Writing in the 1960s, the historian Gene Weltfish drew from earlier work of Wissler and Spinden to suggest that the sacrificial practice might have been transferred in the early 16th century from the Aztec of present-day Mexico.
X Brands played "Pahoo-Ka-Ta-Wah", a tall Pawnee Indian with a double-barrel shotgun who was Derringer's constant companion.
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In 1859, following complaints of Pawnee depredations against settlers in the Elkhorn River valley, a combined force of Nebraska Territorial Militia under the command of General John Milton Thayer and 2nd U.S. Army Dragoons under Lieutenant Beverly Holcombe Robertson prepared to attack a Pawnee village.
During 1869, while assigned to guard the Fort Wallace–Denver stage route, Butler volunteered to join an expedition under Lieutenant Colonel Charles R. Woods against the Pawnees.
He initially became prominent after an 1843 raid on the Pawnee, and became sub-chief of the Brulé under Little Thunder.
It was one of the last battles between the Pawnee and the Sioux and the last large-scale battle between Native American tribes in the area of the present-day United States of America.
Perhaps one of the only American Indians depicted on U.S. paper money, the picture caused ill will as the Series 1899 $5 Silver Certificate pictured Running Antelope as a chief wearing a Pawnee head dress as the original Sioux head dress was too tall for the engraving.
The monument is located in a small park area with picnic tables and a visitor center that features exhibits about early pioneers, the tribal customs of the Sioux and the Pawnee people and a gift shop.