The episode's cold open was filmed in a water tank, using a replica P-51 Mustang plane which had been designed by the art director.
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Frank Spotnitz began working on the episode immediately after writing the earlier third season episode "731", fleshing out the rest of the concept while on a flight out of Minneapolis.
This time is also after the first incident with the alien black oil in the episode "Piper Maru" of the third season.
Billie Piper | Piper Laurie | Piper Alpha | Piper Aircraft | Roddy Piper | Piper | Pied Piper of Hamelin | Marty Willson-Piper | Piper-Heidsieck | Adrian Piper | H. Beam Piper | DLA Piper | Piper PA-34 Seneca | Piper Jaffray | Piper Dellums | Kobayashi Maru | William T. Piper | Tom, Tom, the Piper's Son (film) | The Piper at the Gates of Dawn | Sei-Kyo Maru | Piper Perabo | Piper PA-31 Navajo | Piper marginatum | Piper J-3 Cub | Piper (genus) | Piper auritum | Mara Maru | Asama Maru | 2012 Philippine Piper Seneca crash | Ukishima Maru |