The Classical and Romantic styles of painting, brought to Portugal from Italy and France, had an influence on Portuguese artists Machado de Castro in the late 18th century and António Soares dos Reis in the 19th century.
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Joaquim Machado de Castro, a famous Portuguese artist who lived around this time, is responsible for a lot of these works.
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Portuguese art historian António Bélard da Fonseca, in his multi-volume O Mistério dos Painéis (1957-1967), controversially claimed that it is James of Portugal, and not St. Vincent, who is depicted as the radiant saintly figure in the central panels of the famous Saint Vincent Panels of Nuno Gonçalves.
The gallery contains art by Violet Oakley, tiles by Henry Chapman Mercer, 18th-century Portuguese art, and primitive European art, as well as the religious art from the original church.