Pygocentrus nattereri Kner, 1858 (red piranha, red-bellied piranha) – Amazon, Paraguay-Paraná-Uruguay, and Essequibo river basins, as well as various river in northeastern Brazil.
The fish Pygocentrus piraya often called the Piraya Piranha or San Francisco Piranha, and sometimes sold as the, Man Eating Piranha is a large, aggressive piranha from the São Francisco River basin in Brazil.