Richard Crandall and Carl Pomerance, Prime Numbers: A Computational Perspective, Springer-Verlag, 2001, ISBN 0-387-94777-9
More recently (2001 and 2002), Bailey and Richard Crandall showed that the existence of this and similar formulas has implications for the long-standing question of "normality" – whether and why the digits of certain mathematical constants (including pi) appear "random" in a particular sense.
with C. Pomerance: Prime numbers: A Computational Perspective. Springer 2001.
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