Captain George A. Armes, Company F, 10th Cavalry, while following an active "hostile indian" trail along the Saline River was surrounded by about 400 horse mounted Cheyenne warriors.
It is significant as “the only prehistoric pyramidal mound center known south of Benton in the middle of the Saline River valley, and the only known late prehistoric mound center in the Saline River basin north of the Felsenthal region.” The site was an center of society and religion on the northeastern edge of the Caddoan civilization, and was possibly the closest Caddoan center to the prehistoric Quapaw centers in the Arkansas River valley.
The Union troops barely crossed the Saline River, when they did, they burned the pontoon bridge and resulted in a victory in retreated as the Union marched back to Union controlled Little Rock via Prattsville and Old Belfast along the Old Camden Road.
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It is restricted to the headwaters of the Ouachita River and the Saline River drainage systems including the Caddo River and Little Missouri River.
The area is a drought refuge for the Chestnut Teal and is a good example of a naturally saline river with an undisturbed coastal lagoon.
In 1864, the Camden Expedition (part of a larger military operation, the Red River Campaign), under the command of General Frederick Steele, marched his union troops along the Old Camden Road that passed through Leola after his supplies were depleted and Gen. Kirby's Confederates were on his rear flank as they approached the Jenkins Ferry on the Saline River.