With Étienne-Jules Marey (1830–1904), Londe performed many photographic experiments of movement, and the layout of his laboratory at the Salpêtrière was similar to Marey's renowned Station Physiologique.
Another alternative is an internship in French hospitals such as Saint-Philibert Saint Vincent and the Faculté Libre de Médecine of the Université Catholique de Lille and the Grupo Hospitalar Pitié-Salpêtrière (Paris).
During this creative phase Baldwin travelled to France (1892) to visit the important psychologists Charcot (at the Salpêtrière), Hippolyte Bernheim (at Nancy), and Pierre Janet.
He also directly observed the work of Hippolyte Bernheim (1840–1919) in Nancy, Jean-Martin Charcot (1825–1893) at the Salpêtrière in Paris, Frederik Willem van Eeden (1860-1932) and Albert Willem van Renterghem (1846-1939) in Amsterdam, Ambroise-Auguste Liébeault (1923-1904) in Nancy and Otto Georg Wetterstrand (1845–1907) in Stockholm, at their respective clinics.
From 1882 to 1887 he studied medicine at the University of Moscow, and afterwards worked and studied at the laboratory of Theodor Meynert (1833-1892) in Vienna, the laboratory of Paul Flechsig (1847-1929) in Leipzig, Carl Westphal's clinic in Berlin, and at the Salpêtrière in the clinic of Jean-Martin Charcot (1825-1893).
Guillaume-Benjamin Duchenne de Boulogne began photographing inmates in the Salpêtrière mental hospital in Paris in 1856.
His observations on fiber nodes and the degeneration and regeneration of cut fibers had a great influence on Parisian neurology at the Salpêtrière.