Chittenden was elected as an Independent Republican to the Forty-third Congress to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Stewart L. Woodford; he was reelected as an Independent Republican to the Forty-fourth Congress and as a Republican to the Forty-fifth and Forty-sixth Congresses and served from November 3, 1874 to March 3, 1881.
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He moved to New York City and engaged in mercantile pursuits in 1842; he was an unsuccessful candidate for election in 1866 to the Fortieth Congress and was vice president of the New York City Chamber of Commerce from 1867 to 1869.
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Born in Guilford, New Haven County, Connecticut, he attended Guilford Academy and from 1829 to 1842 engaged in mercantile pursuits in New Haven.
Simeon Saxe-Coburg-Gotha | San Simeon, California | Jean-Baptiste-Siméon Chardin | Simeon | Simeon Rice | Siméon Denis Poisson | San Simeon | Simeon Solomon | Simeon Bekbulatovich | Saint Simeon | Charles Simeon | Sir John Simeon, 3rd Baronet | Simeon I of Bulgaria | Simeon II | Simeon Djankov | Simeon Career Academy | Simeon Baldwin | Thomas Chittenden | Sir John Simeon, 1st Baronet | Sir John Simeon | Simeon Toribio | Simeon S. Willis | Simeon Strong | Simeon Rottier | Simeon Rabban Ata | Simeon of Moscow | Simeon Kayyara | Simeon Datumanong | Simeon Booker | Simeon bar Yochai |
He is a patrilineal ancestor of Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom, King Philippe of Belgium and Simeon B. Sakskoburggotski, former tsar (Simeon II) and prime minister of Bulgaria.
When he resigned from the Lincoln Administration, he returned to Vermont to regain his health, but by 1866 was living in Tarrytown, New York, where he practiced as an attorney until at least 1894.