The encounter, fought in the context of the Spanish American wars of independence, pitted a Patriot army under General Antonio José de Sucre against a Royalist army commanded by Field Marshal Melchor Aymerich.
One of the last Spanish colonial provinces to be overthrown during the final years of the Spanish American wars of independence, he was defeated by rebel General Antonio José de Sucre at the Battle of Pichincha on May 24, 1822, formally surrendering two days later.
This award was established in 1965 and named after one of the founders of the Chilean state general, Bernardo O'Higgins, who was the leader of the struggle for independence of the Spanish colonies in the Americas from 1810 to 1826.
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Alexis Vital Joseph, Baron of Bruix, (Brest, France, 1790 - Callao, Peru, 1825), Alejo Bruix in Spanish, was French military who joined to the patriot armies to fought in the Spanish American Wars of Independence.
Arthur Sandes (Dublin or Kerry, 1793 - Cuenca (Ecuador) 6 September 1832), was the commanding officer of the Rifle Battalion of the British Legions in the Spanish American wars of independence.
James Towers English (22 February 1782 – 26 September 1819) was an Irish commander of British Legions forces in the Spanish American wars of independence.
In particular, the Holy Alliance authorized military incursions to re-establish Bourbon rule over Spain and its colonies, which were establishing their independence.