In the course of the administrative reform carried out in 1708 by Peter the Great, the area was included into Ingermanland Governorate (known since 1710 as Saint Petersburg Governorate) as Ladozhsky Uyezd with the center in Staraya Ladoga.
In the Middle Ages, the lake formed a vital part of the Trade Route from the Varangians to the Greeks, with the Norse emporium at Staraya Ladoga defending the mouth of the Volkhov since the 8th century.
The St. George's Church is located in the Staraya Ladoga fortress, whereas a much bigger Assumption Cathedral is the katholikon of the Assumption Monastery.
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Staraya Ladoga, currently a selo located in the district, was mentioned in 862, as one of five original Russian towns (the other being Belozersk, Novgorod, Polotsk, and Rostov).
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Another monastery in Staraya Ladoga is the Saint Nicholas Monastery.
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Many of the old buildings in Staraya Ladoga, including the St. George's Cathedral, the fortress, and the wooden Church of Saint Dimitry, belong to the Staraya Ladoga Museum Reserve.
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In 1950-1970s Arseny Semionov painted enthusiastically ancient Russian city of Pskov, Staritsa, Izborsk, Torzhok, Suzdal, Staraya Ladoga, Kostroma.
Since the late 1940s each year and often several times he visited Staritsa, Torzhok, Pskov, Old Ladoga, Izborsk, imported from these trips numerous studies, sketches and paintings.
According to the Primary Chronicle, Rurik established his residence in Ladoga before moving to Novgorod, and thus Staraya Ladoga is sometimes considered as the first historical capital of Russia.