Gaius Atilius Regulus (killed 225 BC at Telamon in battle) was one of the two Roman consuls who fought a Celtic invasion of Italy in 225 BC-224 BC; he however was killed in battle and beheaded.
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He then returned to the Italian mainland to fight the Gauls, and fell in the Battle of Telamon.
The same painting features two other similar "Greek hero vs. Amazon" fighting scenes: Heracles about to kill Andromache; and Telamon attacking Ainippe.
In an earlier account recorded by Pherecydes, Telamon and Peleus were not brothers, but friends.