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In the 1540s, he served King Henry VIII as Marshal of Calais and keeper of the castle at Guînes, then took an active role in the invasion of France in 1544, in particular at Montreuil and the sieges of Boulogne.
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He had two brothers, Edward Poynings (d.1546) and Sir Adrian Poynings, and four sisters, including Jane (or Joan) Poynings, who married firstly Thomas Clinton, 8th Baron Clinton (d.1517), by whom she was the mother of Edward Clinton, 1st Earl of Lincoln (d.1585), Lord Admiral of England, and secondly, as his second wife, Sir Robert Wingfield (d.1539), by whom she had no issue.
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He married Katherine Marney, widow of George Radcliffe, a younger son of Robert Radcliffe, 1st Earl of Sussex, and elder daughter and co-heir of John Marney, 2nd Baron Marney, by whom he had an only son, baptized in March 1539, who died an infant.