Curwen, son of John Spencer Curwen of the music publishing company, and grandson of John Curwen, founder of the Tonic sol-fa system, was educated at Abbotsholme School in Derbyshire, then New College, Oxford.
Tonic sol-fa (or Tonic sol-fah) is a pedagogical technique for teaching sight-singing, invented by Sarah Ann Glover (1785–1867) of Norwich, England and popularised by John Curwen who adapted it from a number of earlier musical systems.
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In Anglo-Saxon countries, "si" was changed to "ti" by Sarah Glover in the nineteenth century so that every syllable might begin with a different letter.
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One particularly important variant of movable do, but differing in some respects from the system here described, was invented in the nineteenth century by Sarah Ann Glover, and is known as tonic sol-fa.
One of those remaining, on the east wall of the north aisle, is to Sarah Glover, the inventor of the Norwich sol-fa system of musical notation.