With Nikola Altomanović's defeat, the Serbian-Bosnian King Tvrtko took the area in 1377 and it has been a component of Herzegovina ever since.
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After Nikola Altomanović, the holder of a large province during the fall of the Serbian Empire, was defeated in 1373, his estates were divided between Prince Lazar Hrebeljanović of Serbia, Đurađ I Balšić of Zeta, and Ban Tvrtko I Kotromanić of Bosnia.
Travunia |
Beloje, the eponymous founder, was a lord in Travunia under Prince Vlastimir of Serbia (ca. 836–850, he may have had his position under Radoslav or Prosigoj as well, fl. 819–822).
Further, it mentions Bosnia (Bosnam) and Rascia (Rassa) as the two Serbian lands, while describing the southern Dalmatian Hum/Zahumlje, Travunia and Dioclea (most of today's Herzegovina, Montenegro, as well as parts of Croatia and Albania) as Croatian lands ("Red Croatia"), which is a description considered inconsistent with other historical works from the same period.
Mihailo I, the holder of Duklja (the crownland), and two of his brothers, led an attack into Travunia, capturing the murderers and "gave them a horrible death".
It seems that Vukan reacted on this change in succession by adopting a royal title; in an inscription dated 1195 in the church of St. Luke in Kotor, Vukan is titled as King of Duklja, Dalmatia, Travunia, Toplica and Hvosno.
Throughout the Middle Ages, Herzegovina was made up of separate small duchies: Zahumlje (Hum), centered around the town of Blagaj and Travunia-Konavli, centered on the town of Trebinje all loyal to the Bosnian Ban and later King.
After the down fall of Illyrian kingdoms, Roman Settlers from the nearby town of Travunia (Today's; Trebinje), moved in and established homesteads and farms.