Archaeologist Michael D. Willis argued that Candragupta II did so in order to reflect a new concept of Hindu kingship, in which the monarch was seen as both the paramount sovereign (cakravartin) and the supreme devotee of the god Vișņu (paramabhāgavata).
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The Udayagiri Caves (23:32:11N 77:46:20E) are an early Hindu ritual site located near Vidisha in the state of Madhya Pradesh, Northern India.
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Asher identified further potential political allegories in two figures depicted on one of the two projecting walls, who were female personifications of Gaṅgā and Yamunā, the rivers that flowed through the heartland of the Gupta Empire.
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