Clone FL 666 (Heybroek's 405* × 'Columella'), Istituto per la Protezione delle Piante, Florence.
Columella | Ulmus americana | Ulmus parvifolia | Ulmus minor | Ulmus mexicana | ''Ulmus davidiana'' var. ''japonica'' | Ulmus 'Sapporo Autumn Gold' | Ulmus procera | Ulmus microcarpa | Ulmus × hollandica | Ulmus 'Hoersholmiensis' | Ulmus 'Commelin' | Ulmus americana 'Patmore' | columella (gastropod) | columella |
In the first century CE Columella referred to a particular breed of cattle raised here, and Pliny the Elder praised its sheep’s milk cheese in his Natural History.
David Shreeve met Prof David Bellamy when he planted Sapporo Autumn Gold elms at Marwell Zoo.
The agricultural writer Columella says that meadows and grain fields are "purged" (purguntur), probably both in the practical sense of clearing away old debris and by means of ritual.
This archaeological discovery corroborates with texts written by Pliny the Elder and Columella, making it credible that the Gallo-Roman vines in Gevrey-Chambertin were the first vines to be planted in Bourgogne.
With a girth of 22 feet 6 inches and a height of 40 metres, the elm was identified by the botanist R. H. Richens as an Ulmus × hollandica hybrid, before it succumbed to Dutch Elm Disease in the 1970s.
Columella's De Re Rustica (circa 65 CE) details a cheesemaking process involving rennet coagulation, pressing of the curd, salting, and aging.
This genus nearly resembles Actaeon, but without any fold on the columella; the umbilicus, moreover, is wide and deep, and the surface of the shell is cancellated.
An early theory, popularized in 1887 by French ampelographer Pierre Tochon, is that Mondeuse noire could be the Ancient Roman grape Allobrogica described by Pliny the Elder and Columella as well as the 2nd century Greek writer Celsus.
This is an X-linked condition affecting males and characterized by postnatal growth failure with developmental delays and dysmorphic features characterized by wrinkled forehead, anterior and posterior fontanels, prominent eyes, large down-slanting palpebral fissures, thickened or hooded eyelids, large ears, flared nares, hypoplastic alae nasi, short columella, protruding upper lip, and microretrognathia.
Like other hermit crabs, P. prideaux has an asymmetric, unarmoured abdomen and protects this by concealing it within the empty shell of a gastropod of appropriate size and shape, and carrying it around by clasping onto an internal part of the columella of the sea snail shell.
Other references to short-legged birds can go back to Columella where he states he does not approve of dwarf fowls.
The only other young specimen in Warriston Cemetery was inadvertently poisoned in 2013 during spraying of weed-killer to control invasive Himalayan Balsam.
Henry also mentions specimens growing in botanical gardens at Le Mans and Bordeaux, and others growing as far south as Spizza (now Sutomore) in Dalmatia (Montenegro).
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Augustine Henry described lines of the trees along the Cours-la-Reine in Rouen planted in 1649 by the Duc de Longueville; several of which were still alive in 1912, having attained a height of about 28 m.
elm disease (DED), Ophiostoma ulmi, which afflicted Europe's elms after the First World War.
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Moderately resistant to Dutch elm disease (DED), but very prone to cankers caused by Coral Spot fungus Nectria cinnabarina as it lacked resistance mechanisms.
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A large specimen planted in 1957 by Bernice Cronkhite in memory of Christine Buisman survives (2010) outside the Cronkhite Graduate Center, Harvard University, USA.
The cultivar arose from a 1970 crossing of the Siberian Elm Ulmus pumila (female parent) with the hybrid N 215 ('Commelin' × (U. pumila var. arborea × U. minor 'Hoersholmiensis')), the latter grown from seed sent in 1960 to the University of Wisconsin-Madison elm breeding team by Hans Heybroek of the De Dorschkamp Research Institute in the Netherlands.
The tree is named for Matthias de L'obel, the Flemish botanist also commemorated by the genus Lobelia.
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'Lobel' was introduced to North America in 1991 when Heybroek donated material to the North Central Regional PI Station, Iowa State University, but the tree is not known to have been commercially released there.
The cultivar is named for the Belgian horticulturist and plant collector Louis Benoit van Houtte, 1810 - 1876.
'Marmorata' was described as "beautifully variegated with white"; the original tree in Destedter Park, Cremlingen, Lower Saxony, was said to have produced massive variegated suckers.
The low height of the tree should ensure that it avoids colonization by the Scolytus bark beetles and thus remain free of Dutch elm disease.
However, Hans M. Heybroek, erstwhile head of the elm breeding programme at the de Dorschkamp Research Institute for Forestry & Landscape Planning at Wageningen, identified the tree as Zelkova × verschaffeltii.
The tree was later marketed by the Willis Nursery Co. of Ottawa, Kansas.
Two specimens are known to survive, one in the USA and the other in the UK, the latter treated as a hedging plant to avoid the attentions of the Scolytus beetles that act as vectors of Dutch elm disease.
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The origin of the epithet is obscure, but may commemorate Philip Barker Webb, an English botanist of the early 19th century.
The hybrid has been widely planted in southern and western areas of the former Soviet Union, notably along the streets of Samarkand.
Only one living specimen is known, at Wakehurst Place, England, where it survives by being treated as a hedging plant, too low to attract the attentions of the Scolytus beetles that act as vectors of Dutch elm disease.
University of Copenhagen Botanic Garden, where it is also known by the common name of 'Krusbladet'.
'Superba' was reputed by Louis Späth to have been much valued as a street tree, notably in Magdeburg, Germany.
The word Ypreau or ypereau was first recorded in 1432 from the Pas-de-Calais area, and found its way into Cotgrave's French-English dictionary of 1611 as a name for a large-leafed elm, as distinct from the small-leaved types of Ulmus minor in northern France.
Kim & S. Lee is a cross of Ulmus macrocarpa with Japanese Elm Ulmus davidiana var. japonica discovered on Seoraksan (Mount Sorak) near the city of Sokcho on the eastern coast of South Korea.
Three specimens; listed on the Significant Tree Register of the National Trust.
University of Copenhagen Botanic Garden, (as Ulmus procera 'Viminalis Aurea').