He was born in Kabul in 1954, and was educated in Afghanistan before attending University of Peshawar in Peshawar, Pakistan.
He has been graduated from University of Peshawar and started his career as educationalist.He founded Quaid-e-Azam public school in the town of Zaida, Swabi District.
He received an MSc and MPhil in botany in 1985 and 1991 respectively from the Department of Botany atUniversity of Peshawar, and a PhD from University of the Punjab in 2003.
From 1994 to 1996, he taught as a visiting professor at the University of Peshawar, Peshawar in Pashto Department.
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Dani moved to the University of Peshawar in 1962 as Professor of Archaeology and remained there until 1971.
Presently, he is Professor Emeritus in the National Centre of Excellence in Geology, University of Peshawar.
From 1997 to 2000, he worked as Vice Chancellor, University of Peshawar, and July 1, 2001 to December 2003, as founder Vice Chancellor of the Sarhad University of Science and Information Technology, Peshawar.