It is a cartridge invented by Leslie Taylor of Westley Richards, a gunmaking firm of Birmingham England in 1909 as a proprietary cartridge for their bolt action rifles.
A few manufacturers still make rifles chambered in 577 Nitro Express due to its popularity including Hartmann & Weiss, Heym, Holland and Holland, Butch Searcy & Co., James Purdey and Sons, Westley Richards, and Hambrusch Hunting Weapons.
He used two of these doubles, a .476 Westley Richards and a .500 Nitro Express, to take dangerous game in Africa on two different safaris.
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Most of the world's high-quality riflemakers have produced double rifles for their customers, and the most highly regarded makers from England include Holland and Holland, James Purdey, John Rigby & Company, Westley Richards, George Gibbs, W. J. Jeffery, and Woodward.