Among others, the American poet E. E. Cummings and his friend William Slater Brown, then volunteers in the Norton-Harjes Ambulance Corps in France, were held there between September 21, 1917 and December 19 of the same year, on charges of "espionage" which in fact consisted of having expressed anti war opinions.
Brown volunteered to serve in the Norton-Harjes Ambulance Corps in early 1917.
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Cummings was released in December 1917 after intervention from his father; however, Brown was not released at the same time, and in fact was transferred at that time to a prison in Précigné.
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In September 1917 Brown and Cummings were arrested on suspicion of espionage and were imprisoned at the La Ferté-Macé detention camp, Orne, Normandy.
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