The flamethrower was carefully documented and illustrated in the Chinese military manual known as the Wujing Zongyao, compiled in the year 1044 AD during the Song Dynasty.
11th century AD - The first documented record of gunpowder and the fire arrow, an early form of rocketry, appears in the Chinese text Wujing Zongyao.
Wujing Zongyao (武經總要, Chinese military compendium written in 1044 AD, during the Northern Song Dynasty
Wujing Zongyao | Sha Wujing | A depiction of the "long serpent" rocket launcher from the 11th century book ''Wujing Zongyao |