X-Nico

unusual facts about electrical potential



Extra-low voltage

The International Electrotechnical Commission and its member organizations define an ELV circuit as one in which the electrical potential of any conductor against earth (ground) is not more than either 25 volts RMS (35 volts peak) for alternating current, or ripple-free 60 volts for direct current under dry conditions.


see also

Chemiosmosis

ΔG is the Gibbs free energy change during transfer of 1 mol of cations Xm+ from the phase A to B down the electrical potential, Δψ is the electrical potential difference (mV) between phases P and N (A and B), Xm+A and Xm+B are our cation concentrations on opposite sides of the membrane, F is the Faraday constant, R gas constant.

Field effect

Wien effect, in electrolytes, an increase in ionic mobility or conductivity of electrolytes at very high gradient of electrical potential.