In his charge to the jury, the trial judge required her to prove duress by a preponderance of the evidence.
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She currently serves on the Pattern Jury Instructions Committee of the Association of Justices of the New York Supreme Court and is a member of the New York State and Federal Judicial Council.
He has also served as Reporter on the New York State Committee on Pattern Jury Instructions and as Chair of the New York State Racing and Wagering Board's Racing Fan Advisory Counsel.