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In the 1940s the Malpais lava field was one of the eight candidate sites considered by the Manhattan Project to test detonate the first atomic bomb, the Trinity nuclear test, which did occur to the south at White Sands Proving Ground.
It is thought that theoretical physicist and Manhattan Project director J. Robert Oppenheimer (1904–1967), regarded as the "father of the Atomic Bomb", named the site of the first nuclear weapon test site "Trinity" after a phrase from Donne's Sonnet XIV.
He participated in the development of the W87, W84, and B83 warheads and 10 nuclear tests; he was project physicist on four of these tests.
7Li + n → T + α + n unexpectedly contributed additional yield in Castle Bravo, Castle Romeo, and Castle Yankee, the three highest-yield nuclear tests conducted by the U.S.
It was the third series of American tests, following Trinity in 1945 and Crossroads in 1946, and preceding Ranger.
Ray Klebesadel is a scientist, now retired, who was a member of the gamma-ray astronomy group at the Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) in New Mexico that discovered cosmic gamma-ray bursts using data from the Vela satellites, which were deployed by the United States after the Nuclear Test Ban Treaty of 1963, to police the ban on nuclear tests in space.
The Government of Pakistan awarded him the Sitara-e-Basalat (Star of Good Conduct), the Tamgha-e-Imtiaz (medal of excellence), the Tamgha-e-Istaqlal, the Jumahuriat Tamgha, the Nuclear test Medal, the Resolution Day Golden Jubilee medal and the Independence Day Golden Jubilee medal for his achievements and abilities.
Bakhytzhan was an active member of Nuclear disarmament movement and together with Olzhas Suleimenov was one of the founders of "Nevada-Semei" movement which ultimate aim was to close the nuclear test centers in Semipalatinsk and Nevada.
Lake Chagan (known also as Lake Balapan), a lake in Kazakhstan created by the Chagan nuclear test fired on January 15, 1965
Prime Minister Nehru of India voiced the heightened international concern in 1954, when he proposed the elimination of all nuclear test explosions worldwide.
In 1974 the ship La Flor, from Melbourne, Australia, skippered by Rolf Heimann, a children's author, set out for Mururoa via New Zealand as Greenpeace IV but arrived after the final nuclear test for the year.
Operation Latchkey, a series of 38 nuclear test explosions conducted in 1966 and 1967 at the Nevada Test Site
Research into fusion for military purposes began in the early 1940s as part of the Manhattan Project, but this was not accomplished until 1951 (see the Greenhouse Item nuclear test), and nuclear fusion on a large scale in an explosion was first carried out on November 1, 1952, in the Ivy Mike hydrogen bomb test.
Vela Incident, suspected 1979 Israeli-South African nuclear test allegedly codenamed "Operation Phenix"