Peptidoglycan, a polymer consisting of sugars and amino acids that forms a bacterial cell wall
The mechanism of lysis is similar to that of penicillin; A2 inhibits the formation of peptidoglycan by inhibiting the enzyme UDP-N-acetylglucosamine 1-carboxyvinyltransferase (MurA), which catalyzes the first committed step of peptidoglycan synthesis.
It binds to one of the penicillin binding proteins (PBPs) which inhibits the final transpeptidation step of the peptidoglycan synthesis in the bacterial cell wall, thus inhibiting biosynthesis and arresting cell wall assembly resulting in bacterial cell death.
DD-transpeptidase, a bacterial enzyme that cross-links the peptidoglycan chains to form rigid cell walls