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They can however be useful for disambiguation by postal services where a full county name or traditional abbreviation is not supplied after a place name which has more than one occurrence, a particular problem where these are post towns such as Richmond.
The river, whose name means "Frozen Dark One", was named after Mieji-juku, the 56th post town on the Nakasendō, a historical trading route.
A small post town existed in this area since the Heian period, as Oyama is located at the base of the Ashigara Pass on the main route connecting the ancient provinces of Sagami with Kai and Suruga Provinces.
The place that was originally called Karuisawa is, in actuality, approximately two to three kilometers from the post town, which is located at the western entrance to the Usui Pass.
This post town's name, which roughly translates to "stuck shoes," came about because it was located near the western entrance to the difficult Usui Pass.
Though not a neighboring post town, Matsuida-shuku also provides a direct connection to Oiwake-shuku along the Nakasendō, by way of a minor hime kaidō.
A quiet portion of the original highway has been preserved between Tsumago and Magome, the next post town (also restored).