Basic interests utilitarianism is a variant of utilitarian theory first described by Charles Jones.
The movement was certainly a reaction against the thinking of John Locke, David Hume, John Stuart Mill, Henry Sidgwick, and other empiricists and utilitarians.
His research focuses on a cluster of topics in applied ethics and moral philosophy broadly construed, including evil, the Holocaust, death, courage, the ethics of archaeology, and utilitarianism, with a special interest in the philosophy of John Stuart Mill.
The informed judge is a concept that 19th-century political philosopher John Stuart Mill used when describing utilitarianism.
Offering an alternative, Nussbaum cites John Rawls's work in A Theory of Justice to highlight "an example of a rational argument; it can be said to yield, in a perfectly recognizable sense, ethical truth." Nussbaum appropriates Rawls's critique of the insufficiencies of Utilitarianism, showing that a rational person will consistently prefer a system of justice that acknowledges boundaries between separate persons rather than relying on the aggregation of the sum total of desires.
Amartya Sen, 'Utilitarianism and Welfarism' in The Journal of Philosophy, Vol.