The genus is closely related to the South American genera Pilgerodendron and Austrocedrus, and the New Guinean genus Papuacedrus, both of which are included within Libocedrus by some botanists; the four genera together form an example of the Antarctic flora distribution.
In a classic example of Antarctic flora species-pair the tÅtara is very closely related to Podocarpus nubigenus from South America, to the extent that if planted together, they are very difficult to distinguish.
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While animal life such as penguins and seals are found all around the Antarctic coastline, the continent's only flowering plants are found on the northern portion of the Antarctic Peninsula (see Antarctic flora).