The sorcerer travels to Eresh where he bewitches Enmerkar's livestock, but a wise woman outperforms his magic and casts him into the Euphrates; En-suhgir-ana then admits the loss of Inanna, and submits his kingdom to Uruk.
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A sorcerer from the recently-defeated Hamazi then arrives in Aratta, and offers to make Uruk submit.
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Alternatively, the name is compared with the toponym Ararat or Urartu.
Another collective name denoting the western kingdoms is Arashtra or Aratta, meaning a kingless country.
The steeds consisting of the best of the Kamvoja breed as also of those born in the country of the Rivers, and of those belonging to Aratta and Mahi and Sindhu, and of those of Vanayu also that were white in hue, and lastly those of hilly countries were the different types of horse employed in this war (6:91).
Aratta |
Samuel Noah Kramer, a renowned expert in Sumerian history says, "There is some reason to believe that their original home had been in the neighborhood of a city called Aratta, which may have been near the Caspian sea: Sumerian epic poets say something of Aratta, and its people were said to speak the Sumerian language".
At this point, a sorceror named Urgirinuna comes to Aratta, after his homeland of Hamazi has been vanquished.