X-Nico

Balingiin Tserendorj

In the face of Chinese threats to exile the Bogd Khan, Tserendorj, Prime Minister Gonchigjalzangiin Badamdorj and the Bogd Khan agreed to sign a document “voluntarily” abdicating Mongolia's autonomy to Chinese rule.

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Following the death of the Bogd Khan, the new constitution disposed of the limited monarchy altogether and formally established the Mongolian People's Republic (MPR).

Bogd Khan

The Polish traveller Ferdinand Ossendowski recorded that he knew "every thought, every movement of the Princes and Khans, the slightest conspiracy against him, and the offender is usually kindly invited to Urga, from where he does not return alive.

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His wife Tsendiin Dondogdulam, the Ekh Dagina ("Dakini mother"), was believed to be a manifestation of the bodhisattva White Tara.

Gungsangnorbu

In 1912, in the aftermath of the Xinhai Revolution, Gungsangnorbu made some attempts to form an alliance with Bogd Khan and the Khalkha Mongols in the newly independent state of Mongolia, with the Pan-Mongolist aim of annexing China's Inner Mongolian territories to an independent, Mongol-dominated Greater Mongolia.

Tögs-Ochiryn Namnansüren

He served as the first prime minister of Autonomous Mongolia in the government of the Bogd Khan from 1912 until 1915 when the office of prime minister was abolished.

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In 1911, Namnansüren persuaded Mongolia's religious leader Bogd Khan to call a congress of Mongolian princes and high-ranking lamas in Khüree to initiate independence from China.

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Tögs-Ochiryn Namnansüren

The Bogd Khan then dispatched him to Saint Petersburg in July 1911 as part of a delegation to seek Russian and West European support for Mongolian independence.