The island is called Rekohu ("misty skies") in Moriori, and Wharekauri in Maori.
In 1789 the government of Bengal established a penal colony on Chatham Island in the southeast bay of Great Andaman, named Port Blair to honor Lieutenant Archibald Blair of the British East India Company.
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The Tuku Nature Reserve lies in the Tuku-a-tamatea (Tuku) River Valley in the south-west of the island of Rekohu, the main island in New Zealand’s Chatham Islands group in the south-west Pacific Ocean.
Several endemic Chatham Island bird species have since been reintroduced to the island, Chatham Snipe in 1970, Black Robin in 1976, Chatham Tomtit in 1987 and Shore Plover in the 1990s.