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King Raja Raja Chola I, of the Chola Empire of southern India and great temple builder of the Chola dynasty
The temple is in existence from Chola times of 7th century and has been widely expanded by Nayaks during the 15-17th century.
Following Zambia’s surprise defeat to Madagascar in a World Cup Qualifier in Antananarivo in December 1992, coach Samuel Ndhlovu was sacked and Godfrey Chitalu was appointed national team coach with Chola as his assistant.
The Chola kings ruled from AD (848–1280) and included Rajaraja Chola I and his son Rajendra Chola who built temples such as the Brihadeshvara Temple of Thanjavur and Brihadeshvara Temple of Gangaikonda Cholapuram, the Airavatesvara Temple of Darasuram and the Sarabeswara (Shiva )Temple, also called the Kampahareswarar Temple at Thirubhuvanam, the last two temples being located near Kumbakonam.
It was built by King Dutugemunu, who became lord of all Sri Lanka after a war in which the Chola King Elara, was defeated.
With the death of Athirajendra Chola, the Chola dynasty of Vijayalaya Chola came to an end.
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However the fact remains that Vikramaditya VI marched against Kulothunga and successfully ousted him after the latter assume the Chola throne.
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After spending a month in the Chola capital, Vikramaditya VI apparently satisfied that peace was restored, returned to his country.
Though crushed, however, they were not extinguished; a period of anarchy followed, the struggle between the Chola kings and the Mussulmans issuing in the establishment at Kanchi of an usurping Hindu dynasty which ruled till the end of the 14th century, while in 1365 a branch of the Pandyas succeeded in re-establishing itself in part of the kingdom of Madura, where it survived till 1623.
In Gujarati, these are called chola or chowla (ચોળા).
This structure currently identified as a Buddhist stupa, but considered until the mid-1800s CE as Elara Sohona, the tomb of 2nd century BCE Tamil king Elara, who invaded Sri Lanka from the Chola Kingdom, in the Tamil country and ruled in Anurahapura.
Some such as Chola King Ellalan or Elara reigned as a Tamil but in a manner acceptable to the Buddhist.
In 1117 C.E, the Hoysala king Veera Ballala II defeated the Cholas in the battle of Talakad which lead to the downfall of the Chola empire.
The Pallavas were defeated by the Cholas under Aditya I by about 879 and the region was brought under the Chola rule.
Kalahandi region was the main route for Chola to attack Subarnapur of South Kosal.
In context of Krsna digvijay, the Mahabharata furnishes a key list of twenty-five ancient Janapadas, viz., Anga, Vanga, Kalinga, Magadha, Kasi, Kosala, Vatsa, Garga, Karusha, Pundra, Avanti, Dakshinatya, Parvartaka, Dasherka, Kashmira, Ursa, Pishacha, Mudgala, Kamboja, Vatadhana, Chola, Pandya, Trigarta, Malava, and Darada (MBH 7/11/15-17).
When the Pandya army invaded the Chola country in 1216 CE, Kopperunchinga I strengthened his position by garrisoning the town of Sendamangalam.
Koneswaram temple, Chola-Pallava-Pandya rock cut black granite megalithic Shiva temple of Trincomalee, also known from medieval period as Thirukonamalai Konesar Kovil and Dakshina Kailasam
Recently the Delta farmers of Tamil Nadu demanded the Tamil Nadu government honour the great Chola king Karikalan, who built the Kallanai.
According to anthropologist Nicholas B. Dirks, the Pudukottai region was sparsely populated until the early Chola period.
According to recent history, an archeological inscription dating to AD 1059 says that Nicobar was part of the overseas kingdom of Tamil Chola King of Tanjore.
:Suba Devan, the Chola king and his wife Kamalavati went to Chidambaram and eagerly prayed to the Lord Nataraja for a son.
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The legend of a spider turning into the Chola monarch is the version found in the later texts as well as in the Periyapuranam, the great compendium of the Saiva saints.
A Chola inscription states that Kopperunchinga was helped by the Lanka king Parakrama Bahu II in the battle.
Manu Needhi Cholan or Manuneedhi Cholan, also known as Elara, was a legendary Chola king believed to have killed his own son to provide justice to a Cow.Legend has it that the king hung a giant bell in front of his courtroom for anyone needing justice to ring.
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MahaVamsa states that a King called Elara, a Chola King invaded the island in around 235 BC.
The road starting from Marundeeswarar temple, now called ECR was an important route during the Chola period and was known as Vadagaperuvazhi, connecting the kingdom to places in Thanjavur and Andhra Pradesh.
The idol of the Nallur Devi or goddess was gifted to the temple in the 10th century CE by the Chola queen Sembiyan Mahadevi, in the style of Sembian bronzes.
The Pandya king Nedunchezhiyan is believed to have defeated the Chera and Chola kings at this place.
Parantaka II ascended the Chola throne despite the fact that Uttama Chola, the son of Gandaraditya, (the elder brother of Arinjaya) was alive and he had equal if not more claim to the Chola throne.
Raja Raja Chola I (died 1014), an emperor of the Tamil Chola Empire
He caught and imprisoned the fleeing Chola king at Sendamangalam.
The Chola forces were in battle with the Chalukyan army at Koppam (Koppal) located on the Tungabhadra River in 1053–54 AD.
In 1951, idols of Lord Nataraja, Tirugnanasambandar, Somaskandar, Pillaiyar and two other goddesses from the Later Chola period were recovered by a farmer Annamuthu Padaiyachi in his field.
The political situation drastically changed when Virarajendra died in 1070 and his son Athirajendra Chola came to the Chola throne.
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Kulothunga Chola I eventually came to the Chola throne in a confusion created by civil disturbances in which Athirajendra was assassinated.
He was the contemporary of the famous Chola emperor, Aditya Chola.
Suryavarman II also sent a mission to the Chola dynasty of south India and presented a precious stone to the Chola Emperor Kulothunga Chola I in 1114 CE.
He also developed a touring exhibitions program that sent exhibitions from the museum to Beijing, Tokyo, Seoul, Munich, and a number of venues in North America, and was responsible for a number of new acquisitions, including a 10th-century Chola temple sculpture of the Hindu god Shiva.
Officially, their lineage can be traced definitively to at least 820 C.E, which is based on the claim of descent from the Later Cheras of the three southern Indian Mandala Kingdoms namely Chera Mandalam, Pandya Mandalam and Chola Mandalam.
Sundara Chola, heartbroken due to this personal tragedy, appointed Maduranthaka Chola as the heir apparent.
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By the time Maduranthaka was old enough to claim the crown, Sundara Chola had two sons – Aditya Karikalan (the one who took the head of the Vira Pandya) and Arulmozhivarman.
Initially, for gaining control over Gangavadi and Tagadur controlled by the Cholas, Ballala II attacked the forces of Kulothunga Chola III, who had continued Chola hegemony over the provinces of Gangavadi, Kolar in the Kannada country.
He acted as a support to Chola king Rajaraja Chola III, who was possibly his son-in-law, against Pandya incursions.
Notable among them were a Chola-era mythological Mavaikuruvanji and Kurunathar Killividudutu a panegyric on the Hindu god Skanda.
After the death of the Chola king in 1070, Vikramaditya VI invaded the Tamil kingdom and installed his brother-in-law, Adhirajendra, on the throne creating conflict with Kulothunga Chola I, the powerful ruler of Vengi who sought the Chola throne for himself.