Clarence Smedley Thomas, Cushing Stetson, and John F. Hubbard formed the ADS in August 1915 as a splinter group from the National Security League (NSL).
Clarence Smedley Thomas was a Progressive who founded the American Defense Society.
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The NSL did not comply, so a small group of urban professionals splintered from the NSL and created the American Defense Society.
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Thompson's interest in national defense began with his work with the National Security League as one of its publicity heads, but he was irritated that the NSL's founder, Solomon Stanwood Menken did not want to expand the NSL’s publicity tactics or criticize Wilson.
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