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The city's apogee was reached under the reign of Dutthagamani who, in 161 BC, defeated the South Indian invader Elara re-establishing Buddhism in the place of Brahminism and endowed the site with extraordinary monuments including the Mirisaveti Stupa, Ruwanwelisaya, and the Brazen Palace.
For a long time this structure was considered the monumental tomb, King Dutugemunu had built for King Elara, after defeating him in battle.