Enteropathy associated T-cell lymphoma (EATL) is environmentally induced as a result of the consumption of Triticeae glutens (e.g. wheat gluten).
This may be a clinical sign of hypoalbuminaemia (low albumin), which can be seen in nephrotic syndrome (a form of kidney failure), liver failure, protein malabsorption and protein-losing enteropathies.
IPEX (immunodysregulation polyendocrinopathy enteropathy X-linked syndrome) is a rare disease linked to the dysfunction of the transcription factor FOXP3, widely considered to be the master regulator of the regulatory T cell lineage.
Causes of protein losing enteropathy include celiac disease, Crohn's disease, short bowel syndrome (where the absorptive area for proteins is decreased), intestinal lymphangiectasia, amyloidosis, enteropathy caused by NSAIDs, Ménétrier's disease, dyskeratosis congenita, IPEX and giardiasis.