Maya civilization | Etruscan civilization | Hellenistic period | Civilization | civilization | Minoan civilization | The Decline of Western Civilization Part II: The Metal Years | Civilization IV: Beyond the Sword | Civilization IV | Zapotec civilization | Islamic civilization | Indus Valley Civilization | Civilization IV: Warlords | Through the Ages: A Story of Civilization | The Decline of Western Civilization | European civilization | Cycladic civilization | Civilization: Call to Power | Etruscan Civilization | Civilization V | Civilization (series) | Civilization II | Civilization and Its Discotheques | Civilization and Its Discontents | ''Wake Up, America! Civilization Calls'', poster by James Montgomery Flagg | The Story of Civilization | Sid Meier's Civilization V | Sid Meier's Civilization III | Sid Meier's Civilization | Nuragic civilization |
The terms "Eastern" and "Western" in this regard originated with divisions in the Church mirroring the cultural divide between the Hellenistic east and Latinate west and the political divide between the weak Western and strong Eastern Roman empires.
Throughout the Hellenistic, Roman, Byzantine and early Arab periods (fourth century BCE to eighth centuries CE) rural settlement in the Hula Valley was uninterrupted.
(In another usage ) Diophantine refers to the Hellenistic mathematician of the 3rd century, Diophantus of Alexandria, who made initial studies of integer Diophantine equations.