X-Nico

High output cardiac failure

It may occur in situations with an increased blood volume, from excess of water and salt (renal pathology, excess of fluid or blood administration, treatment with retaining water steroids), chronic and severe anemia, large arteriovenous fistula or multiple small arteriovenous shunts as in Paget's disease of bone, some forms of severe hepatic or renal disorders, hyperthyroidism, beriberi.

see also