In the west, the Upper Austrian part bordered on the Duchy of Bavaria, whereby the historic Innviertel belonged to the Bavarian dukes until the 1779 Treaty of Teschen, as well as on the Archbishopric of Salzburg in the Salzkammergut region.
The Innviertel is the birthplace of the physicist Anton Zeilinger, of Franz Xaver Gruber, the composer of the Silent Night Christmas carol, of the Schwanthaler family of Baroque sculptors, but also of the SS official Ernst Kaltenbrunner and the conscientious objector Franz Jägerstätter.
Weirathmüller (also spelled Weirathmueller) is a German family name, mostly spread in the Innviertel.
The Bundeshandelsakademie in Braunau was built in 1930 and is the oldest education institute in the Innviertel, even one of the oldest of the whole Upper Austria.