First described by German neurologist Oskar Kohnstamm (1871–1917) in 1915, Kohnstamm's phenomenon is a sustained involuntary contraction of a muscle after a prolonged voluntary contraction.
Viral phenomenon | 2012 phenomenon | Raynaud's phenomenon | Oskar Kohnstamm | Halo (optical phenomenon) | Echo (phenomenon) | viral phenomenon | Petrozavodsk phenomenon | Jedi census phenomenon | Entoptic phenomenon | Electronic voice phenomenon | A halo phenomenon observed over the South Pole. Featured in the photo are several distinct phenomena: A '''parhelic circle''' (horizontal line), a 22° halo |
The initialism "CREST" refers to the five main features: calcinosis, Raynaud's phenomenon, esophageal dysmotility, sclerodactyly and telangiectasia.
During World War II, Kohnstamm and Kessler were both held hostage by the Germans along with other prominent Dutchmen at camp Beekvliet in Sint-Michielsgestel; they became quite close there despite the difference in age.
Nicardipine is a dihydropyridine calcium-channel blocking agent used for the treatment of vascular disorders such as chronic stable angina, hypertension, and Raynaud's phenomenon.
Kohnstamm then began as a general practitioner in Königstein im Taunus, a small town in Hesse.
Sclerodactyly is a component of the CREST variant of scleroderma (CREST is an acronym that stands for calcinosis, Raynaud's phenomenon, esophageal dysmotility, sclerodactyly, and telangiectasia.)