It was founded in June 1995 as a split from the Communist Refoundation Party (PRC) by those Communist MPs who had voted the vote of confidence in the government of Lamberto Dini (supported also by the Democratic Party of the Left (PDS), the Italian People's Party and the Northern League) in March 1995.
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The leading politicians who formed the MCU included Sergio Garavini, Lucio Magri, Luciana Castellina, Famiano Crucianelli, Luciano Pettinari, Ersilia Salvato, Rino Serri, Marida Bolognesi and Walter Bielli.
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