De Michelis, after winning the legal dispute for the symbol and the leadership of the NPSI, led the party into an alliance with Gianfranco Rotondi's Christian Democracy for Autonomies (DCA).
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In October, after a consensual separation between the two groups and the foundation of the Socialist Party by Boselli, De Michelis, Craxi, Turci and splinters from Democratic Left (including Gavino Angius and Valdo Spini), the group of De Michelis changed name into Socialist Party (coherently with name of the future party), while the group of Caldoro retained the party's name and decided to change the symbol.
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Stefano Caldoro, a former minister and leader of the New Italian Socialist Party, merged into The People of Freedom in 2009, won by a convincing margin over De Luca thanks to a 20% swing in favour of the centre-right, which included the Union of the Centre led by Ciriaco de Mita, an influent former leader of Christian Democracy converted into the role of local party boss.
The two Republican members of the Chamber of Deputies (Giorgio La Malfa and Francesco Nucara, both elected on Forza Italia's list) formed a component in the Mixed Group named "Republicans, Liberals, Reformers" along with Giovanni Ricevuto, a former member of the New Italian Socialist Party (NPSI).