One of the fossils Naumann examined from modern-day Tokyo proved to be a previously unknown extinct species, which was named in his honor: Palaeoloxodon naumanni).
P. antiquus (Europe, Middle east, Asia), was a bit larger than modern African elephant
Mediterranean dwarf elephants have generally been considered as members of the genus paleoloxodontine, derived from the continental straight-tusked elephant, Elephas (Palaeoloxodon) antiquus Falconer & Cautley, 1847.
The genus Palaeoloxodon is related to the living Asian Elephant.