Remaining at Genoa after Garibaldi's departure for Marsala, he organized four separate volunteer corps, two of which were intended for Sicily and two for the Papal States.
At any rate, in 1598 the period of musical experimentation at the Ferrara court ended with the takeover of the town by the Papal States under Pope Clement VIII.
In May, 1860, when two of his brothers, like him eager to fight the Italian revolutionaries, offered their services to the King of Naples, he went to Rome and placed himself at the service of Pius IX, who had commissioned Lamoricière to organize an army for the defence of the Papal States.
who was in danger of being driven from his Papal States at the time of the unification of the Kingdom of Italy.
He maintained troops in Rome from 1848 to 1870 to protect Pope Pius IX and the Papal States.
Given the circumstances (The loss of the Papal States was not yet accepted and the Pope was considering himself a 'Prisoner in the Vatican') Martin felt the need of giving them unsparing support, whatever initiatives they took, especially through the journal Civiltà Cattolica).
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He served as a relator of the S.C. of Good Government from 1775 and as such, he visited several localities of the Papal States in the provinces of Sabina, Marittima e Campagna, Benevento and Pontecorvo.
The Christian armies united the pope with several South Italian princes of Lombard or Greek extraction, including Guaimar II of Salerno, John I of Gaeta and his son Docibilis, Gregory IV of Naples and his son John, and Landulf I of Benevento and Capua.
Married to Dorothea Sophia of the Palatinate, his brother Odoardo's widow, to avoid the return of her dowry, Francesco curtailed court expenditure, enormous under his father and predecessor, Ranuccio II, while preventing the occupation of his Duchy of Parma, nominally a Papal fief, during the War of the Spanish Succession.
Francisco de Quiñones, O.F.M., (Latin: Franciscus Cardinal Quignonius) (also Francisco de los Angeles) (Kingdom of León, ca. 1482 – Veroli, Papal States, November 5, 1540) was a Spanish Franciscan friar and later cardinal who was responsible for some reforms in the Catholic Church in Spain.
At last, under the auspices of Pope Boniface VIII, James concluded a shameful treaty, by which, in exchange for being left undisturbed in the rest of the territories belonging to the Crown of Aragon and promised possession of Sardinia and Corsica, he gave up Sicily to the Church, for whom it was to be held by the Angevins (Treaty of Anagni, 10 June 1295).
His cabinet had seen the accomplishment of Italian unity and the installation of an Italian government in Rome after the defeat of the Papal States in late 1870.
They were an aggressive dynasty, expanding their base of power into the Papal States, ever loyal to the Empire and never the Papacy.
In central Italy there were the city-states of Florence, Pisa, Lucca, Siena and Ancona, while south of Rome and the Papal States there were the city-states of Salerno, Amalfi, Bari, Naples and Trani which in 1130 were united in the newly created Norman Kingdom of Sicily.
One specific bequest in Alphonse's will, giving his wife's lands in the Comtat Venaissin to the Holy See, was allowed, and it became a Papal territory, a status that it retained until 1791.
In July 1501 Kemal Reis, accompanied by his nephew Piri Reis, set sail from the port of Modon with a force of 3 galleys and 16 fustas and went to the Tyrrhenian Sea, where he took advantage of the war between Jacopo d'Appiano, ruler of Piombino, and the Papal forces under the command of Cesare Borgia.
Millaud was born in Bordeaux, to Felicity (née Bellon) and Jassuda Millaud 1 (born 1769, L'Isle-sur-la-Sorgue – died 1865, Paris), Jewish merchants originally from the Papal States who originally sold horses.
In the 19th century a family branch relocated from Voltri, in the Kingdom of Sardinia, to Monte San Giovanni Campano, in the Papal States.
In the Papal States, however, in 1465 he eliminated the regime of the counts of Anguillara, a house that had played a consistent anti-papal role since the plot of Stefano Porcari and the unruly insurrection of Tiburzio di Maso in 1460.
On 14 March 1856, an agreement was signed in Vienna between the Austrian Empire, the Duchy of Parma and Modena, The Grand Duchy of Tuscany and the Papal States for the construction of the Central Italian Railway (Italian: Strada Ferrata dell'Italia Centrale) from Piacenza to Pistoia, with a branch to Mantua and anticipating strategic links with the existing lines of Lombardy and Veneto and extensions to Rome.
The railway was built by the Società Pio Central (Italian for Central Pius Company), named in honour of Pope Pius IX, who had overturned the Vatican's previous opposition to innovations such as railways in the Papal States.
The legitimacy of the succession was recognized by the Emperor Rudolph II but not by Pope Clement VIII: thus, as Ferrara was nominally a Papal fief, the city was returned to the Papal States, despite the attempts of the young duke, who sought help from the Major Powers to no avail.
The following Second War of Independence in 1859, the Expedition of the Thousand led by Garibaldi who conquered the South which was ruled by the Bourbons and the occupation of almost all the Papal States by the troops of the Piedmontese Army, led to the creation of the Kingdom of Italy on 17 March 1861.
Caeca et Obdurata, a papal bull promulgated by Pope Clement VIII in 1593, which expelled the Jews from the Papal States
The bull gave Jews three months to leave the Papal States (with the exception of Rome, Ancona, and the Comtat Venaissin of Avignon).
The sight of the sea at Marseilles and his voyage thence to Civitavecchia (Papal States' main port on the Tyrrhenian Sea) made a deep impression on him, and immediately after his arrival he entered the studio of a marine painter, Bernardino Fergioni.
The route chosen for the railway was the natural route through the valley of the Arno to Arezzo and then continuing towards Perugia to the border with the Papal States.
For Francesco d’Este, who, with the loss of the Este seat of Ferrara to the Papal States, concentrated his patronage in his Duchy of Modena, Rainaldi contributed to the construction of the Ducal Palace to supplant the ancient castello, and was in particular charged with the layout and elaborate hydraulics of its gardens, with giochi di acque and a theater clipped in green hedges, 1631-34 (Roganti).
On 2 July 1860 the permanent Civitavecchia station opened for service and construction began on the of the section of the line from Civitavecchia to the Papal States' northern border with Tuscany, which was inaugurated and opened for service on 22 June 1867.
In Rome, Panofka's intelligence drew attention and patronage from the Duc de Blacas (1770-1839), the French ambassador to the Papal States, and a collector of antiquities, with whom Panofka remained upon the duke's 1828 return to Paris.