Recently graduated, he was sent on diplomatic missions to the United States and Mexico by then-Portuguese prime minister Rodrigo de Sousa Coutinho.
Since the Middle Ages, some officers of the Portuguese Crown gained precedence over the others, serving as a kind of prime ministers.
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Over time, the role of principal officer of the Crown was falling upon the chanceler-mor (Chancellor), the mordomo-mor (Mayor of the Palace) and the escrivão da puridade (King's private secretary).
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The first modern prime minister of Portugal was Pedro de Sousa Holstein, Marquess of Palmela, who was sworn in on 24 September 1834, as presidente do Conselho de Ministros (President of the Council of Ministers).
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Afonso Costa – Prime Minister of Portugal (until 15 March 1916; then again 25 April 1917 – 10 December 1917)
Subsequently, he served several times as prime minister of Portugal).
He was a Secretary of State for the Presidency of the Council of Ministers of the current government, Secretary of State to the Prime Minister of Portugal, and the Government XII Undersecretary of State Assistant to the Prime Minister.
The result was a victory in the first round for Aníbal Cavaco Silva of the Social Democratic Party candidate, the former Prime Minister, won 50.54 percent of the vote in the first round, just over the majority required to avoid a runoff election.
Pedro Santana Lopes (born 1956), Portuguese lawyer and politician; Prime Minister of Portugal, 2004 to 2005