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37 unusual facts about Protestant Reformation


Anna Louisa Geertruida Bosboom-Toussaint

Her first romance, Almagro, appeared in 1837, followed by De graaf van Devonshire ("The Earl of Devonshire") in 1838; De Engelschen te Rome ("The English at Rome") in 1840, and Het Huis Lauernesse ("The House of Lauernesse") in 1841, an episode of the Reformation that has been translated into many European languages.

Begijnhof, Amsterdam

After the Alteration (Protestant takeover) of 1578, when Amsterdam came under Calvinist rule, the Begijnhof was the only Roman Catholic institution to be allowed to remain in existence.

Biblical Witness Fellowship

Members of the BWF affirm a statement of Christian faith known as the "Dubuque Declaration" (named for the Iowa city and theological seminary where it was drafted), as well as affirming the historic creeds and statements of the Protestant Reformation.

Black Company

The Black Company or the Black Troops was a unit of Franconian mercenaries during the Peasants' Revolt in the 1520s, during the Protestant Reformation in Germany.

Brussels Protestant Church

Brussels Protestant Church (Eglise Protestante de Bruxelles) is a Brussels-based Protestant Christian congregation formally constituted in 1804 and whose roots go back to the Protestant Reformation of the 16th century.

Centre for Theology and Public Issues

From December 2009 to January 2010 CTPI co-sponsored a series of six lectures on the influence of John Calvin and the Reformation in Scotland.

Charles IX of Sweden

His reign marked the start of the final chapter (dated 1648 by some) of both the Reformation and Counter-reformation.

Church of the Holy Ghost, Bern

In 1528 the church was secularized by the reformers and the last two monks at the Abbey were driven out of Bern.

Confessionalization

Confessionalization is a recent concept employed by Reformation historians to describe the parallel processes of "confession-building" taking place in Europe between the Peace of Augsburg (1555) and the Thirty Years' War (1618-1649).

Crypto-protestantism

It describes the attempt made after the Protestant Reformation to regain for Catholicism parts of the Empire that had become Protestant.

Engagement ring

During the Protestant Reformation the wedding ring replaced the betrothal ring as the primary ring associated with marriage.

George Dering Wolff

The elder Wolff and his son were staunch followers of John Williamson Nevin, who in 1843 began to develop in their sect a system of theology which, whilst bitterly opposing Catholicism, held Christ's Church to be a living organism and sought to restore certain teaching of Christ repudiated by the Protestant Reformation (see G. D. Wolff's article "The Mercersburg Movement" in "American Catholic Quarterly", 1878).

German Reform Movement

The Protestant Reformation, a 16th-century Christian movement started by the German monk, Martin Luther

Hermetism and other religions

Further, Brooke argues that Mormonism can only be understood in conjunction with the occult and the Reformation-era sectarian idea of restoration.

James Gordon, 2nd Viscount Aboyne

Aboyne was a member of the powerful Gordon family, who were notable for their Roman Catholic sympathies in a kingdom where supporters of the Protestant Reformation controlled the central government.

Jean-M.-Vincent Audin

He now began his most important work, the history of the Protestant Reformation, which he published from 1839 to 1842 in four books, as follows: # "Histoire de la vie, des ouvrages et de la doctrine de Luther" (2 volumes, Paris, 1839; 2d ed., 3 volumes, 1850) on Martin Luther

Johannes Eccard

Eccard and his school are inseparably connected with the history of the Protestant Reformation.

John Stewart, 4th Earl of Atholl

He supported the government of the queen dowager, and in 1560 was one of the three nobles who voted in Parliament against the Reformation and the confession of faith, and declared their adherence to Roman Catholicism.

John, Elector of Saxony

As his nickname "The Steadfast" indicates, he resolutely continued the policies of his brother toward protecting the progress of the Protestant Reformation.

Käthe Kollwitz

The German Peasants' War was a violent revolution which took place in Southern Germany in the early years of the Reformation, beginning in 1525; peasants who had been treated as slaves took arms against feudal lords and the church.

Nicolaes Boddingius

In the Brouwerskapel of the "Grote Kerk", also named St. Bavochurch, in Haarlem, hangs a plaque with inscriptions of names of ministers who served the church since the Reformation.

Old Bishop's Palace in Oslo

The palace was damaged after Swedish attacks in 1523, and after the reformation in 1537 large parts of the palace were torn down.

Ordinum Hollandiae ac Westfrisiae pietas

In the second part of the work he argues from the early Protestant Reformation.

Parishes of Sweden

After the Protestant Reformation in the 16th century the church also became a state church and as such was charged with administrative tasks like as keeping the civic registry.

Pieter Jansz. Saenredam

Saenredam's paintings frequently show medieval churches, usually Gothic, but sometimes late Romanesque, which had been stripped bare of their original decorations after the iconoclasm of the Protestant Reformation.

Propaganda during the Reformation

Propaganda during the Reformation, helped by the spread of the printing press throughout Europe, and in particular within Germany, caused new ideas, thoughts, and doctrine to be made available to the public in ways that had never been seen before the sixteenth century.

R. H. Tawney

Tawney “bemoaned the division between commerce and social morality brought about by the Protestant Reformation, leading as it did to the subordination of Christian teaching to the pursuit of material wealth”.

Religion in Sweden

During the era following the Reformation, usually known as the period of Lutheran Orthodoxy, small groups of non-Lutherans, especially Calvinist Dutchmen, the Moravian Church and Walloons or French Huguenots from Belgium, played a significant role in trade and industry, and were quietly tolerated as long as they kept a low religious profile.

Religious clothing

Other groups also make use of vestments, but this was a point of controversy in the Protestant Reformation and sometimes since - notably during the Ritualist controversies in England in the 19th century.

Sir William Shelley

He was hostile to the Protestant Reformation, and is said to have suffered from Thomas Cromwell's antipathy; but his name appears in important state trials of the period: in that of the Carthusian monks and John Fisher (1535), of Weston, Norris, Lord Rochford, and Anne Boleyn (May 1536), and Sir Geoffrey Pole, Sir Edward Neville, and Sir Nicholas Carew (1538–9).

Sternberg, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern

On June 20, 1549, the Reformation was introduced in Mecklenburg as a result of a special council (Landtag) on the Sagsdorfer Bridge in Sternberg.

Tetzel

Johann Tetzel (1465–1519), a German Dominican preacher during the Protestant Reformation.

The Headsman

Set in early 16th century Tyrol, it is set before the background of the turmoils of the Lutheran Reformation.

Thomas Wyttenbach

Thomas Wyttenbach (born c. 1472 in Biel; died 1526, after 21 September) is one of the reformers of the city of Biel, Switzerland, during the Protestant Reformation.

Tschlin

In 1545 the Protestant Reformation reached the village and in 1574-82 the reformer and historian Ulrich Campell worked in Tschlin.

Waltensburg/Vuorz

The parish of Waltensburg included Andiast until 1526, when Waltensburg was the only municipality in the Bündner Oberland that converted to the Reformed faith.

William Fulman

He had studied the history of the Protestant Reformation in England, and at the suggestion of John Fell sent to Gilbert Burnet some corrections and additions for the first part of the latter's History.


Abraham von Franckenberg

His works show ideas drawn from many sources: from the Kabbalah, Paracelsian alchemy, medieval mysticism, the medieval 'heretics' of the Reformation, Spanish sixteenth-century Quietism, Lutheran mysticism and Pansophism.

Amintore Fanfani

He was the author of a number of important works on economic history dealing with religion and the development of capitalism in the Renaissance and Reformation in Europe.

Ancient university governance in Scotland

Following the Protestant reformation, the previous position became inevitably untenable.

Architecture of Germany

But whereas the Renaissance drew on the wealth and power of the Italian courts, and was a blend of secular and religious forces, the Baroque directly linked to the Counter-Reformation, a movement within the Catholic Church to reform itself in response to the Protestant Reformation.

Arthur Golding

While primarily remembered today for his translation of Ovid's Metamorphoses because of its influence on William Shakespeare's works, in his own time he was most famous for his translation of Caesar's Commentaries, and his translations of the sermons of John Calvin were important in spreading the doctrines of the Protestant Reformation.

Barry, Angus

The land was annexed by the crown in the Protestant reformation following an Act of Parliament in 1587 and the Bailiery of Barry was granted by James VI as a heritable gift to Patrick Maule in 1590.

Benjamin Kidd

He sees Christianity as the major factor in the success of the Western world, and the Reformation in particular as the event that brought about a 'softening' of character in the population, with greater sensitivity to the suffering of others as exemplified by Jesus Christ.

Bishopric of Halberstadt

In 1513 Albert of Hohenzollern, younger brother of Elector Joachim I Nestor of Brandenburg, succeeded him and the Magdeburg archbishops from the House of Hohenzollern remained administrators, while in 1540 the Halberstadt territories became Lutheran during the Reformation.

Bud, Norway

The meeting led to a failed attempt to break away from the Kalmar Union and King Christian III, and claim Norway's independence by rejecting the Protestant Reformation.

Compulsory education

During the Reformation in 1524, Martin Luther advocated compulsory schooling so that all parishioners would be able to read the Bible themselves, and Palatinate-Zweibrücken passed accordant legislation in 1592, followed by Strasbourg—then a free city of the Holy Roman Empire— in 1598.

Czchów

In the 16th century, Czchów was one of centers of Protestant Reformation, here Fausto Sozzini lived for a few years.

Free church

Protestant historians would typically argue that this is historically what the Christian church was before the Emperor Constantine legalized Christianity (see Early Christianity) and before the later setting up of the state church of the Roman Empire, and did not appear again until the appearance, within the Protestant Reformation, of groups such as the Calvinists and radical movements such as the Anabaptists.

Gabriel Zwilling

Gabriel Zwilling (c. 1487 – 1 May 1558) was a German Lutheran and Protestant Reformer born near Annaberg, Electorate of Saxony.

IV District, Turku

The district is one of the smallest in Turku, and is centred around the Martinkirkko church, named after the reformer Martin Luther (Martti Luther in Finnish).

Jedlińsk

At that time, it belonged to the Jedliński family (Nabram coat of arms), and in the second half of the 16th century, Jedlińsk emerged as one of centers of the Protestant Reformation in northern Lesser Poland.

Kongsvoll

King Øystein erected mountain stations along the route that pilgrims followed in visiting the shrine of St. Olav in Trondheim prior to the Reformation.

Konrad Öttinger

Konrad Öttinger (born 1530, Pforzheim, Germany; date and place of death unknown) was a Reformation era German Protestant theologian.

Konstanz Minster

In the period from 1526 to 1551, the Bishop left Konstanz because of the Reformation, and moved his See across the lake to the Martinsburg in Meersburg.

Lady Inger of Ostrat

It centers on the Scandinavia of 1510–1540 as the Kalmar Union collapsed, the impacts of the Reformation were becoming evident in Norway, and a last desperate struggle was being mounted to maintain Norwegian independence.

Leineschloss

The first building on the site was a Franciscan friary, constructed in about 1300, which was abandoned in 1533 after the Protestant Reformation.

Roman Catechism

During the Protestant Reformation, the popular tracts and catechisms of Martin Luther, John Calvin and other Reformers were sold in areas controlled by Protestant monarchs, who determined the faith in their region (see: Cuius regio, eius religio).

Wilhering Abbey

The abbey almost came to an end during the Protestant Reformation, when Abbot Erasmus Mayer absconded with its funds to Nuremberg, where he married.

Wolfgang Musculus

Wolfgang Musculus, born "Müslin" or "Mauslein", (10 September 1497 in Duss (Dieuze), Lothringen – 30 August 1563 in Bern) was a Reformed theologian of the Reformation.

Wren's Cathedral

With the separation of the Church from Rome in 1535, Henry VIII allowed Robert Burgoyne to purchase the estate for just under £600 after he had demolished the Monastery and Church adjacent to the present Wren's Cathedral.

Zeluco

This division between Protestantism and Roman Catholicism can be traced all the way back to the Protestant Reformation in the early 16th century, when Martin Luther, among other Protestant leaders, sought to break away from the old customs and rituals of the church in order to make religion more accessible.