Originally established in the 5th century, the diocese was restored by the Concordat of 1801, as the combination of the dioceses of Quimper, Saint-Pol-de-Léon and Tréguier in Brittany, France.
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Paul Aurelian, a Gallic monk, founder of monasteries at Ouessant on the north-west coast of Brittany and on the Island of Batz, was believed to have founded in an abandoned fort a monastery which gave origin to the town of St. Pol de Léon, afterwards the seat of a diocese.
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Other notable secular members of the diocese are the classical scholar Jean Hardouin (1646–1729) and the critic Élie Catherine Fréron (1719–71).
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He obtained a grant of the Castle of Winchester for the émigré French priests, and gathered there no less than eight hundred of them.
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The hermit Saint Ronan, a native of Ireland, often held to be one of the 350 bishops consecrated by Saint Patrick, was in the fifth century one of the apostles of Cornouailles and the neighbourhood around Léon.
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