In 1815, Usman dan Fodio retired from the administrative business of the Caliphate and divided the area taken over during the Fulani War with his brother Abdullahi dan Fodio ruling in the west with the Gwandu Emirate and his son Muhammed Bello taking over administration of the Sokoto Caliphate.
Abbasid Caliphate | Fatimid Caliphate | Sokoto State | Caliphate | Sokoto | Caliphate of Córdoba | Umayyad Caliphate | Almohad Caliphate | Rashidun Caliphate | List of Sultans of Sokoto | caliphate | Afshin (Caliphate General) |
During the last year of Abderrahman's reign, British General Frederick Lugard had been able to use rivalries between the emirs in the south with the Sokoto Caliphate to prevent a coherent defense against British troops.