Paulito stated that during Cuba's economic crisis of the mid-1990s, known as the Special Period, timba music provided an opportunity “to forget the shortages, the cutoff electricity, the bad transportation, to find refuge” (Vaughan 2012: 10).
Elsewhere, Deborah Pacini, Marc Perry, Geoffrey Baker and Sujatha Fernandes extensively wrote about Cuban rap music as a result of these transnational exchanges.
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