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unusual facts about Three-valued logic


Three-valued logic

Conceptual form and basic ideas were initially created by Jan Łukasiewicz and C. I. Lewis.


Four-valued logic

In the SAE J1939 standard, used for CAN data transmission in heavy road vehicles, there are four logical (boolean) values, False, True, Error Condition, and Not installed (represented by values 0-3).

Many-valued logic

S. Gottwald, A Treatise on Many-Valued Logics. Studies in Logic and Computation, vol.

The Polish logician and philosopher, Jan Łukasiewicz, began to create systems of many-valued logic in 1920, using a third value, "possible", to deal with Aristotle's paradox of the sea battle.

Those most popular in the literature are three-valued (e.g., Łukasiewicz's and Kleene's, which accept the values "true", "false", and "unknown"), the finite-valued with more than three values, and the infinite-valued, such as fuzzy logic and probability logic.


see also